Oh, the wonders of Deep Learning (DL)! It’s like we’ve suddenly found the magic wand for diagnostic radiology, making images clearer and interpretations more profound. And just when we thought it couldn’t get any better, along came the Transformer architecture and Large Language Models (LLMs), ready to turn the radiology world on its head. Now, these LLMs are not just any tech; they’re the superheroes of the radiology department, promising to automate everything from typing up reports to actually helping diagnose your Aunt Edna’s mysterious ailment. And let’s not forget the cherry on top: multimodal technology integration. Because, why not make a good thing even more complicated?

But wait, it’s not all rainbows and unicorns in the land of LLMs. These brilliant innovations come with their own set of quirky side effects, like information hallucinations (because who doesn’t enjoy a bit of fiction in their medical reports?) and biases (because old habits die hard, even for AI). And in the midst of this technological whirlwind, the laws and guidelines are off somewhere taking a long nap, leaving radiologists to figure out how to use these shiny new toys responsibly.

So, what’s a radiologist to do? According to this review, it’s time to hit the books (or, more likely, the online courses) to understand these technologies inside and out. Because, apparently, the key to unlocking the full potential of LLMs, while keeping patients safe and ethics in check, is knowledge. Who would have thought, right? This review is here to be your guide on this noble quest. Good luck, brave radiologists, you’re going to need it!